The traditional Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) has the problem of selecting cluster heads by random numbers, not considering the residual energy of nodes in the cluster head election which can easily lead to the premature death of the low-energy nodes, as well as point-to- point communication over long distances which can lead to data distortion caused by insufficient energy supply. Aiming at the above problems, a cluster routing algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) based on a cuckoo search mechanism (CS-LEACH) is proposed. The proposed algorithm determines the optimal number of cluster heads for the network by optimizing the energy consumption of the entire network by derivation and sets the cluster head selection threshold using an equalization mechanism. Secondly, the algorithm shares the network energy load by setting first and second sub-cluster heads. Finally, in the data transmission phase, the algorithm makes use of the good global search capability of the cuckoo search mechanism to reasonably plan routes for the cluster heads and selects the optimal relay nodes to optimize the transmission routes. Simulation results show that compared with the classical LEACH algorithms, the proposed algorithm improves the network utilization.

Huichen Liu, Zhijun Tang, Yingjun Deng. Improved LEACH algorithm based on Cuckoo search mechanism. Academic Journal of Computing & Information Science (2024), Vol. 7, Issue 5: 55-64. https://doi.org/10.25236/AJCIS.2024.070507.

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