Acute liver injury refers to hepatocyte damage and abnormal liver function triggered by various factors such as infection, drugs, toxins, and immune abnormalities, with its pathological process closely associated with inflammatory responses. The NLRP3 inflammasome, as a crucial intracellular pattern recognition receptor complex, plays a central role in mediating inflammatory responses and regulating pyroptosis. Recent studies confirm that NLRP3 inflammasome activation serves as a pivotal link between liver injury triggers and the inflammatory cascade, with its activation level directly influencing injury severity and prognosis. This paper systematically reviews the structure, function, and activation mechanisms of the NLRP3 inflammasome. It focuses on elucidating the role and mechanism of the NLRP3 inflammasome in different types of acute liver injury and summarizes intervention strategies targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome, providing a theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of acute liver injury. 

Gou Yulei, Xiao Jie, Bao Guoyu, Li Cuijuan, Guo Dongyan, Fan Yu. NLRP3 Inflammasome: Key Regulatory Molecules in Acute Liver Injury and Advances in Targeted Therapeutics. Academic Journal of Medicine & Health Sciences (2025), Vol. 6, Issue 9: 49-56. https://doi.org/10.25236/AJMHS.2025.060908.

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