Robot-assisted joint replacement surgery represents a significant technological advancement in orthopedic practice, aimed at enhancing procedural precision and improving patient outcomes. This review synthesizes current evidence to evaluate the underlying principles, clinical benefits, persistent challenges, and future trajectories of robotic systems in joint arthroplasty. Technical approaches are categorized by interaction modality—including active, semi-active, and passive systems—and reviewed through widely adopted platforms such as MAKO and ROBODOC. Clinically, robotic assistance has demonstrated improved implant positioning, reduced postoperative pain, optimized learning curves, and enhanced capacity for personalized surgery and soft tissue preservation. Despite these advantages, limitations including high costs, additional surgical incisions, and restricted implant compatibility continue to pose barriers to widespread adoption. Looking forward, the integration of artificial intelligence for image processing, advancements in robotic arm design, and the thoughtful incorporation of surgical expertise into automated workflows are identified as key avenues for progress. By addressing current constraints and leveraging evolving technologies, robot-assisted joint replacement is poised to expand its role in achieving reproducible, patient-specific surgical outcomes.

Ziyu He, Weiwei Xiao, Jiawei Huang. Robot-Assisted Joint Replacement Surgery: A Comprehensive Review of Applications and Advances. Frontiers in Medical Science Research (2026), Vol. 8, Issue 2: 15-20. https://doi.org/10.25236/FMSR.2026.080202.

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