MicroRNAs(miRNAs) is a class of non-coding single composed of 21 to 25 nucleotides Chain small molecule RNA, which is mainly involved in the regulation of post-transcriptional gene expression, binds to the 3 ′ -UTR of target mRNA by inhibiting post-transcription gene expression and reducing corresponding protein synthesis, and plays extensive biological roles in the fields of osteogenesis and immunity. In recent years, a number of scientific studies have demonstrated that miRNAs is an important regulator of cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis, each miRNA has been shown to have hundreds of target mRNA, miRNA and target mRNA between formed a complex regulatory network involved in a variety of regulatory pathways, including development, virus defense, hematopoietic process, organ formation, cell proliferation and apoptosis, fat metabolism, etc. Currently, how to rationally utilize miRNA to regulate the function and differentiation of stem cells is an extremely attractive therapeutic direction in regenerative medicine. It is clear that small RNA (microRNA, miRNA) plays an important role in the growth, differentiation and function of bone cells, and miRNA is closely related to the survival and blood vessel formation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. The miRNA can directly or indirectly participate in the process of osteoangiogenesis by inhibiting or promoting angiogenesis, regulating BMSC differentiation, activating or silent growth factor-mediated signaling pathways, and regulating the immune environment. This chapter will review the role of some microRNA in osteogenesis, and to study and explore the possible mechanisms behind their effects.

Sifan Wang, Dumanbieke·Amantai, Huiyu He. MicroRNAs positive and negative regulation of cellular osteogenesis and angiogenesis. International Journal of Frontiers in Medicine (2023), Vol. 5, Issue 11: 63-68. https://doi.org/10.25236/IJFM.2023.051110.

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