Welcome to Francis Academic Press

Frontiers in Sport Research, 2024, 6(6); doi: 10.25236/FSR.2024.060615.

Exploring the Motivations of Chinese Female Football Supporters

Author(s)

Yudan Pang1,2

Corresponding Author:
Yudan Pang
Affiliation(s)

1College of Management and Economics (CoME), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China

2Tianjin Public Security Profession College, Tianjin, 300382, China

Abstract

This study extends the Sports Interest Inventory (SII) model, to better characterize the motivations of Chinese female football supporters in the digital age. A questionnaire was administered to Chinese female football audiences following professional football games, adapting the SII model to include gender-specific factors. The research aims to challenge prevailing stereotypes in the Chinese media environment, which often portray female supporters as primarily motivated by peer influence and the appeal of star players. The findings reveal that among 15 identified motivation factors, Peer Influence ranks the lowest, and Interest in Player is the 9th most significant. These results suggest that the current media narratives do not accurately reflect the true motivations of Chinese female football supporters. The study provides valuable insights for researchers and practitioners in sports marketing and event management, offering a nuanced understanding that can inform future strategies to better engage and support female spectators at mega sports events.

Keywords

Motivation to sports, Female spectators, Professional football games, Sports mega-events

Cite This Paper

Yudan Pang. Exploring the Motivations of Chinese Female Football Supporters. Frontiers in Sport Research (2024) Vol. 6, Issue 6: 92-99. https://doi.org/10.25236/FSR.2024.060615.

References

[1] Is this World Cup still sexist? [EB/OL].BBC, (2018-06-26)[2024-11-19]. https://www.bbc.co.uk/ news/blogs-trending-44613542

[2] Peng A Y, Wu C, Chen M. Sportswomen under the Chinese male gaze: A feminist critical discourse analysis[J]. Critical Discourse Studies, 2024, 21(1): 34-51.

[3] Allison R, Pope S. Becoming fans: Socialization and motivations of fans of the England and US women’s national football teams[J]. Sociology of Sport Journal, 2021, 39(3): 287-297.

[4] Clark S, Paechter C. ‘Why can't girls play football? ’Gender dynamics and the playground[J]. Sport, education and society, 2007, 12(3): 261-276.

[5] Valenti M, Scelles N, Morrow S. Women’s football studies: An integrative review[J]. Sport, business and management: an international journal, 2018, 8(5): 511-528.

[6] Wann D L, James J D. Sport fans: The psychology and social impact of fandom[M]. Routledge, 2018. 

[7] Pfister G, Lenneis V, Mintert S. Female fans of men’s football–a case study in Denmark[J]. Soccer & Society, 2013, 14(6): 850-871.

[8] Harrison K, Fredrickson B L. Women's sports media, self-objectification, and mental health in black and white adolescent females[J]. Journal of Communication, 2003, 53(2): 216-232. 

[9] Yu B, Brison N T, Bennett G. Why do women watch esports? A social role perspective on spectating motives and points of attachment[J]. Computers in Human Behavior, 2022, 127: 107055. 

[10] Qian T Y, Matz R, Luo L, et al. Gamification for value creation and viewer engagement in gamified livestreaming services: The moderating role of gender in esports[J]. Journal of Business Research, 2022, 145: 482-494. 

[11] Funk D C, Mahony D F, Ridinger L L. Characterizing consumer motivation as individual difference factors: Augmenting the sports interest inventory (SII) to explain level of spectator support[J]. Sport Marketing Quarterly, 2002, 11(1).

[12] Funk D C, Mahony D F, Nakazawa M, et al. Development of the sport interest inventory (SII): Implications for measuring unique consumer motives at team sporting events[J]. International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship, 2001, 3(3): 38-63.

[13] Funk D C. Introducing a Sport Experience Design (SX) framework for sport consumer behaviour research[J]. Sport Management Review, 2017, 20(2): 145-158.

[14] Kim J, James J D. Sport and happiness: Understanding the relations among sport consumption activities, long-and short-term subjective well-being, and psychological need fulfillment[J]. Journal of Sport Management, 2019, 33(2): 119-132. 

[15] Kwak D H, Kim Y K, Hirt E R. Exploring the role of emotions on sport consumers' behavioral and cognitive responses to marketing stimuli[J]. European Sport management quarterly, 2011, 11(3): 225-250.

[16] Deaner R O, Balish S M, Lombardo M P. Sex differences in sports interest and motivation: An evolutionary perspective[J]. Evolutionary behavioral sciences, 2016, 10(2): 73.

[17] Apostolou M, Lambrianou R. What motivates people to do and watch sports? Exploring the effect of sex, age, partner status, and parenthood[J]. Evolutionary Psychological Science, 2017, 3: 20-33. 

[18] Neyman J. On the two different aspects of the representative method: the method of stratified sampling and the method of purposive selection[M]//Breakthroughs in statistics: Methodology and distribution. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1992: 123-150.