The seventh national census shows that China's population is showing a new trend of five modernizations, and changes in population structure will lead to changes in economic activities. The study employs data from 31 provinces and municipalities nationwide, spanning the years 2010 to 2019, as its primary research sample. It delves into the analysis of four key aspects of the population structure: urban and rural distribution, age demographics, employment status, and cultural composition, examining their respective influences on economic growth over this time period. Our analysis reveals that several demographic factors significantly influence China's economic growth. These include the percentage of the urban population, the elderly population ratio, the rate of individuals with college degrees or higher, and the distribution of employment across industries. Specifically, the proportions of the employed population in both the primary and tertiary sectors play crucial roles. The urban population share and the educated population (college degree and above) positively contribute to economic development, while the distribution of employment, with more workers in the tertiary (service) sector, also drives growth. Conversely, the proportion of the elderly population might pose challenges due to potential effects on the labor force and productivity. Economic growth may be hindered by an escalation in the proportion of the employment population within the primary industry. To counteract this, it is suggested to boost urbanization rates, augment investment in education, and facilitate the realignment of the industrial structure.

Zhang Jiali, Chen Jin. Study on the influence of population structure on economic growth. Academic Journal of Business & Management (2025), Vol. 7, Issue 2: 26-32. https://doi.org/10.25236/AJBM.2025.070204.

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