The adolescent stage is a critical period for the physical fitness development of swimmers, and scientific training during the sensitive period of physical fitness development directly determines the quality of reserve talent cultivation. This article takes 10-18-year-old adolescent swimmers as the research object, and adopts literature research method, questionnaire survey method, experimental method, mathematical statistics method, and expert interview method to systematically explore the characteristics of the sensitive period of physical development and the current situation of specialized training load. It constructs an optimized model of specialized training load suitable for the sensitive period and conducts empirical testing. Research has shown that adolescent swimmers experience a period of coordination and flexibility sensitivity between the ages of 10-12, a period of speed and explosiveness sensitivity between the ages of 13-15, and a period of endurance and strength endurance consolidation between the ages of 16-18; The current specialized training load has problems such as insufficient quantification, lack of individualization, and weak correlation between specialties; The four-dimensional optimization model of "age adaptation - specific guidance - individual differences - safe and controllable" and the age segmented sub model constructed have been empirically verified to significantly improve athletes' physical fitness, specific sports performance, and reduce the incidence of sports injuries. The research results provide theoretical support and practical reference for the physical training of adolescent swimmers during their sensitive period.

Xiaojing Tian. Research on the Optimization of Specialized Training Load during the Sensitive Period of Physical Development for Adolescent Swimmers. Frontiers in Sport Research (2025), Vol. 7, Issue 6: 36-42. https://doi.org/10.25236/FSR.2025.070606.

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