Welcome to Francis Academic Press

International Journal of Frontiers in Sociology, 2022, 4(2); doi: 10.25236/IJFS.2022.040208.

The Development and Status of Gender Equality in Colleges of China, Malaysia and Japan: Comparation and Prospect

Author(s)

Xinxin Huang

Corresponding Author:
Xinxin Huang
Affiliation(s)

School of Law, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100086, Beijing, China

Abstract

Through intra- and inter-regional comparisons of the results of a questionnaire survey conducted in 13 universities in China, Malaysia, and Japan, this study examines the potential impact of economic and cultural factors on the growth of gender equality in local universities. The findings indicate that universities in economically developed eastern and southeastern districts of China, Selangor of Malaysia, and near Tokyo, Japan, have a greater knowledge of gender equality and related systems. In comparison, universities located in higher educated regions exhibit a higher level of gender equality growth, while more open and inclusive culture atmosphere also lead to higher level of gender equality growth. The findings of significance tests and statistical fits indicate that the questionnaires in this study produced objective and reliable data.

Keywords

College Gender Equality; Far East; Questionnaire Investigation; Regional Comparison

Cite This Paper

Xinxin Huang. The Development and Status of Gender Equality in Colleges of China, Malaysia and Japan: Comparation and Prospect. International Journal of Frontiers in Sociology (2022), Vol. 4, Issue 2: 40-45. https://doi.org/10.25236/IJFS.2022.040208.

References

[1] Ignjatović S, Bošković A. ‘Are we there yet?’ Citizens of Serbia and public policy on gender equality within the EU accession context. European Journal of Women’s Studies, Vol.20, PP.425-440, 2013. DOI: 10.1177/1350506813478409.

[2] Psaki, S. R., McCarthy, K. J., Mensch, B. S. Measuring Gender Equality in Education: Lessons from Trends in 43 Countries. Population and Development Review, Vol.44, PP.117-142, 2018. DOI: 10.1111/padr.12121.

[3] Williamson, S., Carson, L. and Foley, M. Representations of New Public Management in Australian Public Service gender equality policies. Equality, Diversity and Inclusion, Vol.39, PP.235-250, 2020. DOI: 10.1108/EDI-05-2019-0145.

[4] The United Nations, the United Nations Development Programme, the United Nations Population Fund and the Executive Board of the United Nations Project Programme, the Annual Report of the Director on the Implementation of the Gender Equality Strategy for 2019, Annual Meeting 2020, New York, 1-5 June 2020 (DP / 2020 / 11).

[5] The UNDP Asia-Pacific Gender Equality Assignment Program, [online] Available: https://sway.office.com/D3iKJNUtKSOgzl05?ref=Link.

[6] Yoon, Y., Moon, C. Gender equality in politics at home and promotion of gender equality in politics abroad: The role of bilateral official development assistance. International Political Science Review, Vol.40, PP.161-180, 2019 DOI: 10.1177/0192512118757127.

[7] Oedl-Wieser, T. Gender equality: a core dimension in Rural Development Programmes in Austria? Gender Place and Culture, Vol.22, PP.685-699, 2015. DOI: 10.1080/0966369X.2013.879103.

[8] Ding, Y., Wooding, S., Harpending, H. C., Chi, H., Li, H., Fu, Y., Pang, J., Yao, Y., Yu, J. X., Moyzis, R. and Zhang, Y. Population structure and history in East Asia. PNAS, Vol.97, PP.14003-14006, 2000. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.240441297.

[9] McAllister, I. Social Structure and Party Support in the East Asian Democracies. Journal of East Asian Studies, Vol.7, PP.225-249, 2007. DOI: 10.1017/S1598240800008729.

[10] Quarterly by Province, [online] Available: https://data.stats.gov.cn/english/easyquery.htm?cn=E0102

[11] World Economic Outlook Database, [online] Available: https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2021/October.

[12] Falk, A., and Hermle, J. Relationship of gender differences in preferences to economic development and gender equality. Science Vol.362, PP.eaas9899, 2018. DOI: 10.1126/science.aas9899.

[13] Tesch-Römer, Clemens, Andreas Motel-Klingebiel, and Martin J. Tomasik. Gender differences in subjective well-being: Comparing societies with respect to gender equality. Social Indicators Research Vol.85, PP.329-349, 2008.

[14] Group, I. S. I. E. M. CEIC data - global database, [online] Available: https://info.ceicdata.com/en-products-global-database.

[15] The Seventh National Census Bulletin (No.6), [online] Available: http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/zxfb/202105/t20210510_1817182.html.

[16] Malaysia | Undata | Table Presentation | Human Development Index and components, [online] Available: http://data.un.org/DocumentData.aspx?id=419.

[17] Japan | Undata | Table Presentation | Human Development Index and components, [online] Available: http://data.un.org/DocumentData.aspx?id=419.

[18] Lockard, C. Tang Civilization and the Chinese Centuries. Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia, PP.1-10, 2000.

[19] Gao Rongwei. Lower Nanyang: the longest mass population migration in history. Seek roots, Vol.4, PP.139-142, 2014.

[20] Chee-Beng, T. Chinese identities in Malaysia. Asian Journal of Social Science, Vol.25, PP.103-116, 1997.

[21] Kühnen, U., Hannover, B., Roeder, U., Shah, A. A., Schubert, B., Upmeyer, A., and Zakaria, S. Cross-cultural variations in identifying embedded figures: Comparisons from the United States, Germany, Russia, and Malaysia. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, Vol.32, PP.366-372, 2001.

[22] Beijing Declaration: Annex I Beijing Declaration, UN Documents: Gathering a Body of Global Agreements, [online] Available: http://www.un-documents.net/beijingd.htm.

[23] Beijing Declaration: Annex II Beijing Platform for Action, UN Documents: Gathering a Body of Global Agreements, [online] Available: http://www.un-documents.net/beijingp.htm.s.