Mathematics plays a crucial role in academic development and everyday life, making it important for educators to cultivate mathematical skills in students [7]. However, there is a growing concern regarding anxiety related to mathematics among learners (ibid.). As neglecting this issue might have a negative impact on childrens’ mathematical development and well-being, various educators and researchers have investigated the factors that might contribute to mathematical anxiety among school students to identify effective strategies for addressing it [11].

Xuyang Sun. Investigating mathematical anxiety among school students: a discussion on different quantitative empirical procedures. International Journal of New Developments in Education (2023) Vol. 5, Issue 18: 23-32. https://doi.org/10.25236/IJNDE.2023.051805.

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[9] Hill, F., Mammarella, I. C., Devine, A., Caviola, S., Passolunghi, M. C., & Szűcs, D. (2016). Maths anxiety in primary and secondary school students: Gender differences, developmental changes and anxiety specificity. Learning and Individual Differences, 48, 45–53. 

[10] Kim, T. K., & Park, J. H. (2019). More about the basic assumptions of t-test: Normality and sample size. Korean Journal of Anesthesiology, 72(4), 331–335. 

[11] Madjar, N., Zalsman, G., Weizman, A., Lev-Ran, S., & Shoval, G. (2018). Predictors of developing mathematics anxiety among middle-school students: A 2-year prospective study. International Journal of Psychology, 53(6), 426–432. 

[12] Psycharakis, S. G. (2011). A Longitudinal Analysis on the Validity and Reliability of Ratings of Perceived Exertion for Elite Swimmers. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 25(2), 420. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181bff58c

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