In order to avoid external interference, the UAV cluster should keep electromagnetic silence as much as possible and send less electromagnetic wave signals to the outside world when conducting formation flight. In order to maintain formation flight, azimuth-only passive positioning method is proposed to adjust the position of UAVs, that is, some UAVs in the formation send signals, and other UAVs passively receive signals, from which orientation information is extracted for positioning. In this context, this paper studies the problem of pure azimuth passive positioning in UAV formation flight, and discusses the necessity of using pure azimuth passive positioning in UAV formation flight to cope with the limitation of electromagnetic interference on traditional positioning methods. The specific problem includes how to use the three-point positioning method to determine the position of the signal receiving UAV, whose receiving direction is determined by the Angle formed by the two UAV sending signals in the formation. Consider a circular formation containing 10 Uavs, where one UAV is located at the center of the circle and the remaining nine are evenly distributed on the circumference. By establishing mathematical models and geometric relationships, solutions are proposed to ensure positional accuracy under different measurement errors. This study provides a theoretical basis and practical method for improving the accuracy and stability of UAV formation flight.

Yifan Fu, Tianyuan Jiang, Deyu Feng, Yujia Lu, Chuanlong Wang. Research on pure azimuth passive localization in UAV formation flight. Academic Journal of Engineering and Technology Science (2024) Vol. 7, Issue 5: 151-157. https://doi.org/10.25236/AJETS.2024.070520.

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