The legal governance of off-campus training institutions (OCTI) in Chinese primary and secondary education is a form of governance that is based on the foundation of law and regulates OCTI through a diversified approach, characterized by standardization, diversification, and legalization. Chinese government has recently put forward the governance goal of comprehensively regulating the training behavior of OCTI, basically eliminating various chaos in subject based off-campus training, and gradually cooling off-campus training. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and policy full-text retrieval, analyzed through three-level coding and text analysis. This study has identified several challenges in the current legal governance of OCTIs, including existing of regulatory vacuums, insufficient legal basis for enforcement and regulation, lack of legal safeguards in school-OCTI cooperation, inadequate interdepartmental governance, hindered protection of Stakeholders’ rights and interests, insufficient legal resources in normative documents, and a lack of investigation and supervision mechanisms. To alleviate the challenges in the legal governance of OCTI, this paper presents remedies in three areas: firstly, it is imperative to establish dedicated legislation to strengthen legal safeguards for the governance of OCTI. Secondly it is essential to optimize the education policy system and enhance the enforcement and regulatory framework for OCTI. Lastly, it is vital to integrate of authority and responsibility, as well as clearly define legal remedies for the governance of OCTI.

Chu Zhaoyang, Xu Peiyuan, Liu Yuxuan. Legal Governance of Off-campus Training Institutions in Chinese Primary and Secondary Education: Challenges and Remedies. International Journal of New Developments in Education (2023) Vol. 5, Issue 24: 14-26. https://doi.org/10.25236/IJNDE.2023.052403.

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