As one of the important tools of national governance, the project system has been embedded in the field of higher education in China, and has become a new phenomenon and mode of organizational management in colleges and universities. Teaching project system is a positive way to optimize resource allocation, improve incentive mechanism and promote teaching innovation, but from the perspective of organizational analysis, it still exists in the organizational environment polarization contradictions, organization of individual theatre form, organization group involution phenomenon. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the layout of university resources in the external environment to promote the harmonious development of the strong and the weak; to improve the professional identity of teachers in the organization of individuals, and to promote the integration of short-term utilitarianism and educational value; to deepen the evaluation and assessment of teachers' classifications in the organization of the group, and to reverse the status quo of the mismatch between scientific research and teaching. By maintaining the ecological and harmonious development of the teaching project system in an all-round way, it promotes the further fit and optimization of the teaching project system with the contemporary educational development pattern.

Zhang Dandan, Xu Yanyu. Organizational perspectives on the generation and alienation of the pedagogical project system: A practical exploration of teaching in colleges and universities. Frontiers in Educational Research (2024) Vol. 7, Issue 1: 17-28. https://doi.org/10.25236/FER.2024.070103.

[1] Chen Jiajian. Organizational forms and evolutionary mechanisms of project-based governance: an analysis of the historical process of a national project [J]. Sociological Research, 2017,32 (02): 150-173+245

[2] Miao Dalei, Wang Xiuxiao. Has the project system replaced the unit system—A Comparative Study of Contemporary Chinese National Governance System [J]. Sociological Review, 2021, 9 (04): 5-25

[3] Qu Jingdong. Project System: A New National Governance System [J]. Chinese Social Sciences, 2012 (05): 113-130+207

[4] Chen Jiajian. Project System and Grassroots Government Mobilization: A Sociological Study on the Project based Operation of Social Management [J]. Chinese Social Sciences, 2013 (02): 64-79+205

[5] Xi Xiaojing. Exploration and Practice of the Project System for Promoting and Applying Regional Education Research Achievements [J]. Shanghai Education Research, 2018 (12): 46-50

[6] Liu Yongliang, Wang Ying. The operational logic and "safety effect" of project-based higher education [J]. Heilongjiang Higher Education Research, 2019, 37 (05): 55-59

[7] Yang Lingfang, Wu Zhantao. Application of Open Project Based Teaching in Practical Teaching of Materials Forming Major [J]. Chemistry Education (Chinese and English), 2018,39 (02): 55-59

[8] Yin Limin. Reverse Stratification: Petition Governance and Organizational Operations of Grassroots Governments under Soft Constraints: An Organizational Analysis Based on Grassroots Government Behavior [J]. Learning and Practice, 2014 (05): 72-80

[9] Xu Yute. Intensive Development of Universities: The Stratification and Transcendence of Project based Governance [J]. Heilongjiang Higher Education Research, 2020,38 (08): 44-49

[10] Xue Xinxin, Liu Junwei. Reflection on Teaching Reform in Universities: An Empirical Study on the Winning Projects of the National Teaching Achievement Awards in Higher Education in the Past Two Sessions [J]. China Higher Education Research, 2019 (02): 58-66

[11] Zhang Chunhai, Han Weiliang. The Realistic Dilemma and Path Selection of the Construction of Excellent Video Open Courses in Local Universities [J]. Contemporary Education and Culture, 2020,12 (06): 81-86

[12] Ministry of Education. Implementation Opinions on the Construction of First Class Undergraduate Courses [EB/OL] (2019-10-30) http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/a08/s7056/201910/ t20191031_406269.html.

[13] Guo Lijun. Institutional Logic and Mechanism of Teaching Behavior Selection for College Teachers: An Analysis Based on Types of Teaching Management Institutions [J]. University Education Science, 2021 (02): 53-61

[14] The Ministry of Education has selected 801 university courses as national high-quality online open courses [EB/OL] (2019-01-23) http://www.moe.gov.cn/jyb_xwfb/s5147/201901/t20190123_ 367880.html.l.

[15] Ministry of Education. Notice on Publishing the List of Curriculum Ideological and Political Demonstration Projects [EB/OL] (2021-06-01) http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/a08/s7056/ 202106/t 20210610_537281.html.

[16] Song Weizhi. The Regularization of Sports Governance: Ways, Challenges, and Solutions - Taking the River Chief System as an Example [J]. Journal of East China University of Science and Technology (Social Science Edition), 2021,36 (04): 136-148

[17] Wu Yan, Liu Yongwu, Li Zheng, Liu Zuliang, Wang Huaiyu. Constructing a New Theory of Regional Development of Chinese Higher Education [J]. Chinese Higher Education Research, 2010 (02): 1-5

[18] Zhong Binglin, Wang Xinfeng. The Situation and Prospects of the Development of Higher Education Clusters in China under the New Development Pattern [J]. Higher Education Research, 2021, 42 (03): 1-6

[19] Jiang Xiaohui, Wang Weiping. Research on Academic Reputation of College Teachers: An Exploratory Incentive Mechanism Design [J]. China Higher Education Research, 2021 (04): 42-47

[20] Wang Fuquan. Problems and Reflections on the Motivation of Teachers in Transitional Universities [J]. Heilongjiang Higher Education Research, 2010 (05): 62-63

[21] Li Gui'an, Li Tiesheng, Dang Huaixing. Development of Education and Teaching Abilities of College Teachers and Innovation of Classroom Teaching Models: Taking Shaanxi Normal University as an Example [J]. Chinese University Teaching, 2012 (06): 26-28

[22] Li Hailong Reflection on the Reform of Undergraduate Education Driven by Project System [J]. Journal of Suzhou University (Education Science Edition), 2020,8 (03): 55-64

[23] Jie Debo, Cui Tong. Institutional implications, challenges, and innovations in disciplinary construction in Chinese universities [J]. Modern Education Management, 2021 (07): 54-61

[24] You Yupei, Xiong Jin. Unit System and Project System: Institutional Logic and Reflection on Resource Allocation in Higher Education [J]. Jiangsu Higher Education, 2017 (02): 21-25

[25] Ministry of Education. Notice on Announcing the Results of the First Batch of National First Class Undergraduate Curriculum Certification [EB/OL] (2020-11-23) http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/ a08/s7056/202011/t20201130_502502.html.

[26] Liu Jing. Analysis of Resource Allocation in Higher Education under the Background of Education Informatization 2.0 [J]. Heilongjiang Higher Education Research, 2019, 37 (10): 89-93

[27] Wei Zhirong, Li Xiantao. The Dilemma and Transformation of Movement style Governance in the Modernization of National Governance: An Analysis Based on the Special Action of "Demolishing Violations" [J]. Theoretical Monthly, 2019 (09): 94-99

[28] Zhang Tongjian, Wang Min, Wang Bangzhao. Research on the Governance of Opportunistic Behavior in Science and Technology Projects in China [J]. Science and Technology Progress and Countermeasures, 2020,37 (17): 109-117

[29] Du Zanqi. Culture, Power, and the State: Rural Areas in North China from 1900 to 1942. Translated by Wang Fuming. Nanjing: Jiangsu People's Publishing House, 1994: 85-87

[30] Zhu Wenhui. Internalization of Academic Governance: Connotation Representation, Generative Mechanisms, and Cracking Methods [J]. Higher Education Research, 2020, 41 (06): 26-33

[31] Yang Wenxue. Exploration of the Assessment and Management Mechanism for Physical Education Teachers in Ordinary Higher Education Institutions from the Perspective of Organizational Behavior Incentives [J]. Journal of Capital Sports University, 2013,25 (03): 238-241

[32] Liao Yingli. Institutional analysis of internalization and low efficiency in teaching quality management in universities [J]. Heilongjiang Higher Education Research, 2020,38 (05): 1-5

[33] Chen Youli, Chen Feifei. Analysis of the Historical Changes, Institutional Logic, and Motivation of Project based Higher Vocational Education in China: Based on the Perspective of Historical Institutionalism [J]. Heilongjiang Higher Education Research, 2021,39 (01): 101-108

[34] Zhang Muchu. Necessary Tension: On the Positive and Negative Dimensions of Discipline Evaluation in China: A Rational Analysis of Education as an Example [J]. Modern University Education, 2018 (03): 28-36

[35] Zhao Haili. Comparative Study on the Equity of Public Education Resource Allocation between China and Foreign Countries [J]. Education Research, 2013,34 (08): 133-141

[36] Peng Hongli, Zhu Dequan. The utility limit and upgrading path of project-based funding mechanism in vocational education [J]. Education and Vocational, 2021 (01): 29-36

[37] Long Baoxin. Disciplinary Construction of Teacher Education in the Era of Discipline Internalization [J]. Journal of East China Normal University (Education Science Edition), 2021,39 (08): 83-93

[38] Li Baoyu. A New Institutional Economic Review of Teaching Burnout among University Teachers [J]. Heilongjiang Higher Education Research, 2015 (10): 44-47

[39] Cong Chunqiu, Zhang Xinya. Changes in Anxiety: Confusion and Reflection on the Innovation of Evaluation Mechanisms for College Teachers [J]. China University Science and Technology, 2020 (09): 25-29

[40] Cai Shendong. The Utilitarian Dilemma of Modern Higher Education [J]. Contemporary Education Science, 2016 (13): 3-7