Fuchs uveitis syndrome (FUS) is a chronic unilateral non-granulomatous uveitis. Various theories have been proposed to explain its etiology and pathogenesis, including infectious, sympathetic, genetic, and immunological theories. The onset and progression of FUS are currently believed to result from the combined effects of multiple pathogenic mechanisms rather than a single etiology. The clinical manifestations mainly include insidious onset, unilateral involvement, mild anterior chamber inflammation, stellate or medium-sized KPs distributed diffusely or centrally, iris depigmentation with or without heterochromia, the absence of posterior synechiae, and the occasional occurrence of vitreous opacities. Common complications include cataracts and glaucoma. As the diagnosis relies mainly on clinical observations rather than laboratory tests, FUS is often misdiagnosed, especially in patients with dark brown irises. Many patients with FUS do not require specific treatment, but regular follow-up is necessary to monitor for elevated IOP and cataract development. Most patients have a good visual prognosis, which mainly depends on the outcome of cataract surgery and glaucoma control. Refractory glaucoma may lead to vision loss. We discuss the clinical manifestations, etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of FUS with a comprehensive description.

Pu Yanlin. A Literature Review on Fuchs Uveitis Syndrome. Frontiers in Medical Science Research (2024), Vol. 6, Issue 6: 31-40. https://doi.org/10.25236/FMSR.2024.060605.

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