To investigate the residual stress and deformation behavior of 40CrNiMoA alloy joints during the process of cylindrical docking electron beam welding. A combined heat source model of planar Gaussian and Gaussian rotating body was used to simulate the electron beam welding process of a 6mm thick 40CrNiMoA alloy rectangular plate. The residual stress and deformation distribution of the welded joint under two process parameters, low beam low welding speed and high beam high welding speed, were compared and studied. Under high beam current and high welding speed parameters, a weld seam with high aspect ratio, small high stress concentration area, and small deformation was obtained; Under this parameter, the size of the high stress concentration area on the cross-section of the weld seam is relatively small, with a width of only 84% of that under low beam and low welding speed parameters; Meanwhile, under high beam current and high welding speed parameters, the maximum deformation of the weld seam is 0.2387mm, which is lower than the 0.2655mm under low beam current and low welding speed parameters. The high beam high welding speed process has the characteristics of heat concentration, low heat input, and high processing efficiency, which is more conducive to obtaining welds with small stress concentration areas, small deformation, and high aspect ratios. It has more processing advantages than the low beam low welding speed process.

Jiahao Zhang, Minghai Li. Numerical Simulation of Residual Stress and Deformation in Electron Beam Welded Joints of 40CrNiMoA Alloy. Academic Journal of Engineering and Technology Science (2024) Vol. 7, Issue 6: 111-116. https://doi.org/10.25236/AJETS.2024.070616.

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