In response to the increasing global demand for clean energy, lithium-ion batteries have been widely applied as one of the most efficient energy storage systems. Among various anode materials, silicon has attracted considerable attention due to its extremely high theoretical capacity. Nevertheless, its practical application is limited by severe volume expansion during the charge-discharge process, poor intrinsic electrical conductivity, and the instability of the solid electrolyte interphase. To overcome these issues, various compositing strategies have been developed. In these approaches, silicon is combined with conductive matrices, structural frameworks, or polymeric binders. These components help to improve mechanical robustness, enhance electrical conductivity, and stabilize the electrode interface. Therefore, a large number of studies have focused on the design and synthesis of silicon-based composite anode materials. This review summarizes recent developments in this field, with an emphasis on four major types of composites: Si-C, Si-metal, Si-metal oxide, and Si-polymer systems. The structural characteristics, functional roles, and electrochemical properties of each type are discussed in detail. In addition, this work also provides insights into future research directions and practical challenges of silicon-based anodes in advanced lithium-ion batteries.

Shuai Wang. Toward Practical Silicon Anodes: A Review of Composite Modification Strategies in Lithium-Ion Batteries. Academic Journal of Materials & Chemistry (2025), Vol. 6, Issue 3: 1-18. https://doi.org/10.25236/AJMC.2025.060301.

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