Purpose: To insight into the lower limb muscle characteristics of top level speed skater in short distance, in terms of iEMG, excitation intensity, and activation modality. Methods: Three female word champion speedskaters participated in this study. EMG data was collected in the second straight by ME6000 when gliding in a standard speed skating rink. Results: tibialis anterior and quadriceps muscle are the main work muscles in supporting phase; The excitation intensity of tibialis anterior and biceps femoral is bigger in flexion phase, while others(gastrocnemius lateralis , vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, rectus femoris, semitendinosus muscle and gluteus muscle) are bigger in extension phase; the onset of tibialis anterior is first, followed by the vastus medialis, vastus lateralis and biceps femoral; the offset of tibialis anterior is first, then the vastus medialis, vastus lateralis and gastrocnemius lateralis at the time of off-ice. Conclusion: The main work muscles is consistent in elite athletes; muscle activation modality is regular in the same technique in elite athletes; Elite athletes’ technique is very stable. Short -track speed skaters should put more punch on gastrocnemius strength training when switch to speed skater.

Dawu Huang, Lu Liu, Changfa Xie. Surface-EMG analysis for the Lower Limb Muscle Characteristics of Top Level Women Speed Skater in Short Distance. Academic Journal of Humanities & Social Sciences (2020) Vol. 3, Issue 8: 188-203. https://doi.org/10.25236/AJHSS.2020.030820.

[1] Annachiara Strazza, Alessandro Mengarelli, Sandro Fioretti etal. (2017). Surface-EMG analysis for the quantification of thigh muscle dynamic co-contractions during normal gait.Gait & Posture, 51(228-233).
[2] YIN Hua-gen, GUO Dong-xue, ZHANG Lin-bao etal..(2019). Analysis on the Characteristics of the Muscle Activity of the Accelerating Partof the Final Stage of Elite Rotary Shot Putters in China. Journal of Langfang Normal University (Natural Science Edition), 19,89-95
[3] WANG Huihui, JI Zhognqiu, ZHANG Zihua. (2019) Biomechanical Characteristics of Lower Limbs in 24 - form Taichi Movement. Journal of Chengdu Sport University,45(6):111-119.
[4] Liu Lixin, Meng Huanhuan, Wang Yingxia, Zhao Huanbin. (2019).The Effect of Looking at a Mobile Phone on Foot Pressure and Surface Electromyography of LowerLimbs of Young Women when Walking. Chin J Sports Med,38(8): 669-676.
[5] De Koning JJ, De Groot G , Ingen Schenau GJ.(1991). Coordination of leg muscles during speed. J Biomechonics ,24(2):137-146.
[6] CHEN Xiao-ping. (2004).The Developing Trend of Strength Training. SPORT SCIENCE,24(9): 36-40.
[7] Kamila Mortka, AgnieszkaWiertel-Krawczuk, Przemysław Lisi´nski. (2020). Muscle Activity Detectors—SurfaceElectromyography in the Evaluation of Abductor Hallucis Muscle.20, doi.10.3390/s20082162.
[8] HUANG Da-wu ,LIU Lu ,WU Ying etal. (2015).Contrastive Analysis of Special Muscle Force Characteristicsof Excellent Speed Skater on Ice Straight. Chin J Sports Med, Feb. 34(2):157-163.
[9] GUOFeng, ZHANGRihui.(2011).Surface Electromyography of Upper Extremity Muscles for Elite Female Boxers' StraightPunches. Journal of Shen yang Sport University,34(1):64-66.
[10] ZHAO Wei-ke, HE Hui. (2011).Analysis on the sEMG of Muscle Exertion of Forehand Stroke of Elite Tennis Players. Journal of Beijing Sport University, 34(7):74-77.
[11] LI Yan-jun, SUN You-ping1, SUI Xin-mei etal.(2010). sEMG Analysis for Muscle in the Transition Phase Characteristics of Rotation Shot Put. Journal of Beijing Sport University, 33(5):50-54.
[12] CAO Hui,WANG ZiXI,JI Lin-hong etal. (2005).Synchronized surface electromyographyfor muscular coordination of legs in speed skating. J Tsinghua Univ (Sci& Tech), 45, (8):1072-1075.
[13] LIN Jia, CHEN Xiao- ping. (2006).Application of EMG and Plantar Pressure in the Study of Measurement on Single Step Cycle of Elite Speed Skating Athletes. Journal of TUS,21(3):201-204.
[14] LIU Cun Zhong, CHEN Ting - ting. (2010).Research on s EMG Signal and Kinematics Characteristicsof Leg - attack in Sanda Whip - Kick. Journal of Guangzhou Sport University, 30(6):68-71.
[15] LIU Min, ZHAO Lijin, LIU Yixuan.(2019). Study on the Characteristics of Surface Electromyography of  Difficulty Elements of Group C - Jumps and Leaps of Sports Aerobics. Journaljou Xi’an Physical Education Univesity, 2019, 36(6):735-742
[16] Carlo J.De Luca. (1997).The Use of Surface Electromyography in Biomechanics[J]. JOURNALOF APPLIED BIOMECHANICS,13:135-1 63
[17] Thiago Yukio Fukuda,Jorge Oliveira Echeimberg,JoséEduardo Pompeu et al.(2010). Electromyographic Signal in the IsometricTorque of the Quadriceps, Hamstrings andBrachial Biceps Muscles in Female Subjects[J].The Journal of Applied Research, 2010,10(1):32-39.
[18] SUN Ke,WEI Wenzhe, ZHAO Zhiguang.(2019).The Difference of Muscle Activity between the Blood FlowRestricted Part and the Unrestricted Part in Low-Intensity KAATSU Training on Lower Limbs. CHINA SPORT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,55(5):14-19.
[19] YANG,J.and WINTER,D. (1984).Electromyographic amplitude normalization methods:improving their sensitivity as diagnostic tools on gait analysis.Archives of PhysicalMedicine and Rehabilitation,65:517-521.
[20] J.P.Clarys.(2000). Electromyography in sports and occupational settings:an update of its limits and possibilities. ERGONOMICS,10(43):1750-1762.
[21] R.W.de Boer,J.Cabri,W.Vaes,etal.(1987).Moments of Force,Power,and Muscle Coordination in Speed-Skating.Int.J.Sports Med,8:371—378.
[22] YU Zhi gang,WANG Li.(2008). Myoelectric Analysis of Male Tennis Players' Serve Skill in China. Journal of Capital Institute of Physical Education, 20(5):87-89.
[23] WU Xiao- nan ,WANG Peng,ZAN Lei. (2018).Study on s EMG Characteristics of Associated Muscles in 400 m obstacle Pedalingand Jumping Low Wall Motion in 400 m Obstacle. Journal of Military Physical Education and Sports,37(1):22-26.
[24] BEHM,D.G.,K.ANDERSON,AND R.S.CURNEW.Muscle force andactivation under stable and unstable conditions[J].StrengthCond.Res.16:2002.
[25] ANDERSON,K.,AND D.G.BEHM.(2004).Maintenance of EMG activityand loss of force output with Instability.J.Strength Cond.Res,18(3):637–640.
[26] Scott Van Horne , Darren J, Stefanyshyn.(2005). Potential Method of Optimizing the Klapskate Hinge Position in Speed Skating. JOURNAL OF APPLIED BIOMECHANICS, 21, 211-222.
[27] Van Ingen schenau,G.J, De Groot,G, Scheurs,A.W.,et al. (1996).A new skate allowing powerful plantar flexions improves. performance[J]. Sports. Exerc. 28:531-535.